Carbureter.



J. HARRIS.

GARBURETBR.

Arruouxon FILED Nov. so. 1910.

20211755555. L/en faz- @QM m WAM ffm-nay J. HARRIS.

GAEBURETEB.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. ao, 1910.

JOHN HARRIS, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

'CARBURETEB.

'Specification of Letter's Patent.

Patented July 8, 1913.

Application filed November 30, 1910. Serial No. 594,826.

liquid vfuel is introduced into the carbureting chamber inthe exact proportion required by the speed of the engine; in which the velocity of the current of air past the liquid discharge nozzle is constant at all times irrespective ofpvariations in the speed of the engine; in which the air supply can be adjusted to enable the c arbureter to be used with all varities of engines; in which the minimum air supply can be definitely and "adjustably set to cause the engine to run smoothly at very low speeds; in which the amount of mixture supplied to the engine can be instantaneously varied without changing the proportions of air and fuel contained there-in; in which the relative proportions of fuel and of air supplied can be easily adjusted; and in which the adjusting parts can be actuated to produce a momentary over-supply of fuel to aid in starting the engine.

Further objects and advantages will appear from the following description and claims. y

One embodiment of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichf Figure 1 is a side elevation of my complete carbureter; Fig. 2A is a top plan view thereof; Fig. 3 is a central vertical cross sectional view thereof; and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of the carbu- I reter taken on the line A-A of Fig. 3.

engine, said inlet pipe being shown at 3a in Figs. 1 and 3 in dotted lines. This carbureting chamber is shown as vertlcally positioned, which I consider the preferable,

Vthough not indispensable, arrangement, and

the fuel chamber is rigidly att-ached to the side thereof-by brackets 1al and 2a carried by the chambers 1 and 2 respectively and held together by screws ,4. A Huid discharge nozzle 5 extends into the carbu-reting chamber 2 and is connected with the liquid fuel chamber by means of a pipe i6, prefer-- ably provided with a clean outopening closed bya plug 7. This pipe can be attached t the fuel chamber in any convenient manner, the present mode including the locik nut 8 being `illustrated merely,4 and inside this chamber said, pipe is connected with an upwardly extending tube or cylinder 9 having therein a closly fitting plunger 10, and havin-g in one side and near the bottom thereof, an elongated slit 1.1. This slit :is preferably about .008 inch wide, being made with a 82 Bro-Wn and Sharpe gage saw and has a length greatly in excess of its width, as shown. The tube 9 need not necessarily be located inside the fuel chamber but may be carried at any convenient point, provided' only that slit 11 be in free communication with the liquid fuel and entirely submerged therein.

Suitable means is provided for maintainingthe level of the liquid fuel in chamber 1 at a constant height, such height .being preferably in the same horizontal plane as the discharge orice vof the nozzle .and in any case not higher than said orifice. In the embodiment shown herein, this means comprises a float 12 connected to a valve 13 by means of an arm 14 pivoted at 15 and having a forked end 16 adapted toengage a projecting shoulder 17 carried by the valve stem 18. This valve is disposed in a lateral projection 19 carried by chamber 1 and the fuel pipe'from the storage tank (not shown) is connected to the threaded nipple 20 so as to discharge into the space 21 above the valve. The upper part of this projection is closed by a screw plu 22 which may be removed to allow isassembling or regrinding of the valve. The lower portion of the valve,v stem is gui-ded by a sleeve 23 extending downwardly from the projection 19.

The chamber 1- is closed at the top by a plate 24 having asuitable aperture 25 for the tube 9 and is held in place by a spring arm 26 pivotally secured to a lug carried by the side of the chamber 1, as indicated at 26, and ending in a knob 27 adapted to engage a recess 28 in the cover.

29 is a handle by which the arm may be raised and swung to one side to release the cover.

Mounted upon shafts 30 journaled in opposed Walls of the carbureting casing are two leaves or doors 31, adapted to swing together into the inverted V position shown in Figs. 3 and 4 to substantially close the air inlet passage, or to swing apart against the tension of a coiled spring 32 connected at each end to an arm 33 carried by each of the shafts 30, outside the casing 2. Each.

of these arms is shown as provided with notches 33 to permit adjustment of the spring. The free edges of the doors or leaves 31 lie substantially in the plane of the discharge orifice of the nozzle 5 and are cut away at 34 to prevent complete obstruction of the air passage and to accommodate the nozzle. The inward or closing movement of the leaves or doors 31 may be limited in any convenient manner, as by triangular plates 35 carried by the opposed walls of the carbureting casing, which is shown as of rectangular cross section at this point. Provision is also made for adjusting the limit of vt-his closing movement,

such provision, in the embodiment illustrated, comprising an arm 36 carried by one of the leaves and a set screw 37 threaded into a projection 38 formed on the carbureting casing and coperating with said arm. A spring wire 39 or the like engages the milled head of the screw and impositively and frictionally holds the screw in adjusted position.

For the purpose lof controlling the air flow and the fluid fuelfiow, I have shown a butterfly valve 40 carried on a shaft 41, journaled in the casing above the nozzle 5 and the leaves or doors 31.- This valve is of rectangular shape and coperates with a web or ledge 42 having a similar shaped opening, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. This valve is operated by means of a lever 43 having a suitable eye 44 at oneend for connection to the usual throttle valve rod (not shown) and also having a finger 45 adapted to contact wit-h a set screw 46 adjustably threaded into a boss 47 carried by the casing 2, whereby the closing movement of the lever is limited. The valve 40 is adjustably attached to the shaft 41 by the set screw 48. A bracket 49 is also carried by the carbureting casing 2 and projects outwardly ad` jacent to the plunger 10. Journaled in this bracket is a shaft 50, which carries an arm 51 contacting with the top of a plunger 10. and which also carries a lever 52 connected to the leyegby a link 53. In the embodiment illustrated, this link is shown as made in two parts having right and left hand threaded ortions 53l and 53" respectively connected y a turnbuckle screw 54 to permit their relative adjustment. A spring 55 surrounds the plunger 10 between the end of the tube 9 and a head 56, and tends to hold the plunger in raised position and, by its action on the arm 51, to hold the valve 40 also in open position.

It will be noted, also, that kthe discharge orifice 57 o-f the nozzle 5 is rectangular in shape to correspond with the openings between the leaves or doors 31 and through the ledge 42. I find that this design'gives extremely satisfactory results, though I do not consider it indispensable` A plate 58 is carried beneath the air inlet end of the carbureting chamber and spaced therefrom a sufficient, distance to permit free access of air thereto. This plate may be carried directly by the nozzle, as shown, or it may be supported in any other convenient manner.

The operation of the device is as follows: The discharge orifice of the nozzle 5 being not lower than the level vof the fuel liquid in the chamber 1, no discharge ensues when the engine is still. If the engine be started its suction will draw fuel through this nozzle in proportion to the needs of the engine, and, at the same time, the air entering the bottom of the casing is directed by the inclined doors against the end of. the nozzle, thus insuring the complete Aand uniform carbureting of the air. Furthermore, the velocity of the air past'the nozzle is always uniform irrespective of the engine speed, since, if more air is demanded, the leaves or doors automatically open againstthe tension 'of the spring 32, thus increasing the area of the air inlet orifice. As a consequence of this action the carbureting of the air is the same at high speeds. as at loW speeds, since at high speeds the air is not sucked past the nozzle at an increased velocity with consequent decrease in the thor oughness of mixing. The minimulnairl inlet orifice between the leaves 31 is adjusted by means of the screw 37 to the point which causes the engine to run smoothly at the very lowest speed. As' a consequence of this construction my carbureter can beapplied to any engine 'and will operate the engine smoothly.

It will be noted that the butterfly valve` 40 and the fuel slot 11 are both of rectangular cross section, and are operated simultaneously by means of the link 53. As a consequence of this construction the rate of closing the two can be made rigidly proportional to each other, so that the rate of air and fuel supply can be var ied simultaneously without affecting their relative proportions. This relation can, however, be varied by means of the turn-buckle 54 and by setting the butterfly valve 40 on its shaft.

It is also a well known fact that the starting of an explosion engine, particularly in cold weather, requires an initial small oversupply of fuel or priming charge. This can be obtained in my'carbureter by actuating the throttle lever to produce (through the lever 43, link 53, lever 52, shaft 5() and arm 51) a single quick depression of the plunger 10, which then acts as apump piston and ejects a sudden spurt of fuel through the nozzle, moistening the interior surface of the carbureter and the top of the plate 58, and encircling the mixture inspirated during the first few strokes.

Of course, during the operation of the engine the jarring given the fuel chamber produces oscillation/of the surface of the fuel, particularly in case thecarbureter he used on an automobile, for which it is particularly designed. This,A however', is immaterial since the suction of the engine produces a sufficiently uniform fuel feed notwithstanding the fluctuations of the head of fuel in .the supply chamber. [t will also be noted that the automatic constriction of the air inlet passage by the leaves or doors 31 tends to produce a more uniform aspirating action on the fuel nozzle than in other carbureters with which I. am familiar, since' at low speeds the velocity of the air does not fall so markedly as to interfere with this action. Inasmuch as this constriction occurs almost exactly at the discharge outlet of the nozzle the velocity of the air 4current at this point is constant, and the aspirating action is constant; consequently the amount. of fuel supplied will depend solely upon what proportion of the slit 11 is uncovered. In other carbureters with which I am familiar this aspirating action falls off with the speed, thus giving a variable fluid feed incapable of exact control.

I prefer to form the .whole carbureter, and particularly the tube 9 and plunger 10, of gun metal, since the peculiar lubricatingr qualities of gasolene upon this alloy causes the lunger to work Cwith great smoothness.

l hile I have necessarily described my invention in detail, I do not propose to be limited to such details except as the same may be positively included in the claims hereto annexed, or may be rendered necessary by the prior state 0f the art.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a carbureter, a liquid fuel chamber, a carburetiug chamber associated therewith and having air inlet and mixture outlet ports, a fuel discharge nozzle in said carbureting chamber, a cylinder having a narrow slit in its Wall, said nozzle being in communication with the interior of said cylinder and said slit being in communication with the fucl in said fuel chamber, a plunger in said cylinder, and means for actuating said plunger to cover a greater or smaller proportion of said slit.

2. In a carbureter, a liquid fuel chamber,

a carburetifng chamber associated therewith and having air inlet and mixture outlet ports, a fuel discharge nozzle in said carbureting chamber, a cylinder having a narrow slit in its wall, said nozzle being in communication with the interior of said cylinder and said slit being in communication with the fuel in said fuel chamber, a plunger in said cylinder, a throttle valve in said carbureti-ng chamber, means for actuating said throttle valve, and meansfor simultaneously actuating said plunger 'to cover a greater or smaller proportion of said slit.

3. In a carbureter, the combination of a carbureting chamber having an outlet, a valve controlling said outlet, a conduit for supplying liquid fuel to said carburetingchamber, means for maintaining a level of liquid fuel below the jet orifice of said-conduit, means for operating said valve, and connections whereby the movement of said valve will automatically eject a priming char of liquid fuel through the jet orifice.

4. In a carbureter, the combination of a carbureting chamberhaving an outlet, a valve controlling vsaid outlet, a liquid fuel supply conduit projecting into the lower end of said chamber, means for operating said y valve, connections whereby the operation of the valve operating means may eject a prim- ,ing charge of liquid fluid through the jet "orifice, and means for maintaining a level of liquid fuel normally belowsai'd jet orifice.

5\-\`In acarbureter, the combination of a carbureting chamber having an outlet, a valve controlling said outlet, a liquid fuel supply'conduit extending into said-chamber, said conduit being provided with an elongatedA slit located below the jet orifice of said conduit, means for supplyingv liquid fuel through said slit and into said conduit, a slidable member associated with said conduit and adaptedto control the fiow of liquid through the slit, a spring tending to hold said slidable member away from the slit, means for operating said valve, and connections Whereby the operation of the valve will produce a corresponding movement of said slidable member.

G. In a carbureter, the combination of a float feed chamber, a carbureting chamber, a conduit for supplying liquid fuel from the fioat feed chamber to the carbureting chamber, said conduit having a branch extending into the carbureting chamber and a vertical branch, the latter branch being provided with an elongated slit adapted to communicate with the liquid in the float-feed chamber, a slidable member associated with the last mentioned branch, a spring tending to elevate said member, a valve controlling the outlet from the carbureting chamber, means for operating the last mentioned valve, and connections dwhereby the closing movement of said valve will move the slidable member proportionately to cut down the effective 'length of said slit.

7. In a carburetor, the combination of a float feed chamber, a carbureting chamber, a cylinder having an elongated slit .in its wall parallel to its axis and communicating with said float feed chamber, a. conduit for supplying liquidfuel from said cylinder to said carbureting chamber, a slidable plunger in said cylinder, and adapted to coperate with said slit in governing the ilow of liquid to said carbureting chamber, a spring tending to hold said plunger away from said slit, a valve controlling the outlet from the carbureting chamber, means for operating the last mentioned valve, and connections where- V4by the closing movement of said`valve will move said slidable member proportionately to cut down the effective length of said slit.

8. vIn a carbureter, the combination, with a carbureting chamber havingl a liquid discharge nozzle, a liquid fuel reservoir, and means for maintaining in said reservoir ay level of liquid fuel below the discharge oriice of said nozzle,.of a conduit connecting Said reservoir and said nozzle, and a combined regulative valve and priming device in said conduit, said device being adjustable to control the flow of liquid to said nozzle and also being operable to eject a priming charge of liquid therethrough.

9. In a carbureter, the combination, with a carbureting chamber having a liquid discharge nozzle therein, aA liquid fuel reser-- late the flow of liquid tolsaid nozzle, saidn plunger being operative when moved quickly forward, to eject a priming charge of liquid through said nozzle.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aiiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN HARRIS..

Witnees:

ALBERT H. BATES, J. B. HULL. 

